Tumor response assessment to treatment with [177Lu-DOTA0,Tyr3]octreotate in patients with gastroenteropancreatic and bronchial neuroendocrine tumors: differential response of bone versus soft-tissue lesions

Riferimento: 
J Nucl Med. 2012 Sep;53(9):1359-66.
Autori: 
van Vliet EI, Hermans JJ, de Ridder MA, Teunissen JJ, Kam BL, de Krijger RR, Krenning EP, Kwekkeboom DJ.
Fonte: 
J Nucl Med. 2012 Sep;53(9):1359-66.
Anno: 
2012
Azione: 
Nei pazienti con tumori gastro-entero-pancreatici e bronchiali neuroendocrini (NETs), l'apparente aumento delle dimensioni delle lesioni ossee o la comparsa di nuove lesioni ossee alla TAC dopo trattamento con 177Lu-octreotate devono essere interpretate con cautela, in quanto questo dato potrebbe essere correlato alla terapia piuttosto che indicativo di progressione del tumore.
Target: 
177Lu-octreotate/tumori gastro-entero-pancreatici e bronchiali neuroendocrini.

ABSTRACT
Purpose: We have noted that bone lesions on CT respond differently from soft-tissue lesions to treatment with [(177)Lu-DOTA(0),Tyr(3)]octreotate ((177)Lu-octreotate). We therefore compared the response of bone lesions with that of soft-tissue lesions to treatment with (177)Lu-octreotate in patients with gastroenteropancreatic and bronchial neuroendocrine tumors (NETs).
Methods: Forty-two patients with well-differentiated NETs who had bone metastases that were positive on [(111)In-DTPA(0)]octreotide somatostatin receptor scintigraphy (SRS) before treatment, and who had soft-tissue lesions, were studied. All patients had had a minimum of 1 follow-up CT scan. Lesions were scored on CT and bone lesions also on SRS before and after treatment. Tumor markers (chromogranin A and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid) before and after treatment were compared.
Results: Because bone lesions were not visible on CT before treatment in 11 of 42 patients (26%), bone and soft-tissue lesions were evaluated in 31 patients. Whereas bone lesions increased in size, soft-tissue lesions decreased in size. The percentage change in bone and soft-tissue lesions was significantly different at all time points up to 12 mo of follow-up (P < 0.001). The intensity or number of bone lesions on SRS decreased after treatment in 19 of 23 patients (83%) in whom SRS after treatment was available. The tumor markers also decreased significantly after treatment. In 1 patient, bone lesions became visible on CT after treatment, mimicking progressive disease with "new" bone lesions, although there was an overall treatment response.
Conclusion: In patients with NETs, the apparent increase in size of bone lesions or the appearance of new bone lesions on CT after treatment with (177)Lu-octreotate should be interpreted cautiously, as this finding may be therapy-related rather than indicative of tumor progression.
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